Edge Gate This is the most common manual trim gate. Sprue Gate The sprue is gated directly into the part. Tunnel Gate A tunnel gate is the most common automatic gate, and is a tapered gate that intersects the part below the parting line.

Increase gate size or number of gates Moisture 1. Increase gate size 3. Increase gate size Blush Injection too quickly through gate 1.

TEMPERATURE Material Rear Center Front Nozzle Melt Mold Nylon 6,6 540–570 530–560 530–560 540–570 540–570 200–300 (90–150) Nylon 6,6 30% SS 540–570 530–560 530–560 540–570 540–570 200–300 (90–150) PBT 510–410 (265–280) 490–540 (255–280) 480–530 480–530 480–530 150–250 (65–120) PC 14% NiCF 540–570 540–570 530–560 530–560 530–560 150–250 (65–120) ABS 470–520 460–520 460–520 460–530 (240–275) 460–530 (240–275) 100–200 (40–90) PP 440–480 (225–250) 440–480 (225–250) 430–470 (220–245) 420–460 (215–240) 420–460 (215–240) 125–175 (50–80) DRYING Material Temperature °F (°C) Time Minimum Moisture Maximum Moisture Nylon 6,6 14% NiCF 180 (80) 4–5 hours 0.05% 0.20% Nylon 6,6 30% SS 180 (80) 4–5 hours 0.05% 0.20% PBT 14% NiCF 250 (120) 6-8 hours 0.02% 0.03% PC 14% NiCF 250 (120) 3–4 hours 0.02% 0.02% ABS 14% NiCF 200 (90) 2–4 hours 0.05% 0.10% PP 14% NiCF 180 (80) 2–4 hours 0.20% 0.30% Equipment • Feed throats smaller than 2.5" may cause bridging due to pellet size - Larger feed throats will be more advantageous with long fiber EMI shielding resins • General purpose metering screw is recommended - Mixing/barrier screws are not recommended • L/D ratio - 18:1–20:1 (40% feed, 40% transition, 20% metering) • Low compression ratio - 2:1–3:1 • Deep flights recommended - Metering zone 3.5 mm - Feed zone 7.5 mm • Check ring - Three-piece, free-flowing check ring • General purpose nozzle (large nozzle tips are recommended) - Minimum orifice diameter of 7/32" - Tapered nozzles are not recommended for long fiber EMI shielding resins • Clamp tonnage: - 2.5–5 tons/in2 Gates • Large, free-flow gating recommended - 0.25" x 0.125" land length - 0.5" gate depth Runners • Full round gate design • No sharp corners • Minimum of 0.25" diameter • Hot runners can be used PROCESSING Screw Speed Slower screw speeds are recommended to protect fiber length Back Pressure Lower back pressure is recommended to protect fiber length Pack Pressure 60–80% of max injection pressure Hold Pressure 40–60% of max injection pressure Cool Time 10–30 seconds (depends on part geometry and dimensional stability) PROCESS CONSIDERATIONS Recommended – retain fiber length (maximize conductivity) • Low shear process • Low screw speed and screw RPM • Slow Injection speed • Fill to 99–100% on first stage of injection - Reduces potential nesting of fibers at gate location - Improves mechanical performance near gate location - Promotes ideal fiber orientation Resin Rich Surface • Achieved when using a hot mold temperature and longer cure times ≥ Max mold temperature recommendation • Improved surface aesthetic • Reduced surface conductivity • Could reduce attenuation performance in an assembly Fiber Rich Surface • Achieved when using a cold mold temperature and shorter cure times ≤ Minimum mold temperature recommendation • Improved surface aesthetic • Reduced surface conductivity • Could improve attenuation performance in an assembly www.avient.com Copyright © 2020, Avient Corporation.

VALVE-GATED TOOLS IN INJECTION MOLDING GUIDELINES CESA CLEAN ADDITIVES ™ KEY FEATURES Cesa™ Clean Additives • Cesa Clean is a concentrated purge product, not a purge compound. • It can be processed through manifolds, valve-gated tools and small sub gates. • Cesa Clean is 100% recyclable with polyolefin resins and compounds. GUIDELINES FOR USING CESA CLEAN ADDITIVES • Cesa Clean works best when molded maintaining normal (injection) pressure/shear • For best results, Avient recommends a “Running Color Change” which eliminates breaks in the molding cycle • Since the Cesa Clean concentrate will expand, it is recommended to reduce the shot size by 20% • It is designed for use at a let-down ratio (LDR) of 3.0% or (33:1); however, use rate can vary depending on the severity of the contamination but typically is 2.0–4.0% (a use rate higher than 6.0% may not have any positive affect on the cleaning performance) • Using Cesa Clean as a routine part of your color change rotation will allow faster changes and consume a minimal amount of raw material - Note: If the manifold is not cleaned routinely, this process may be more time consuming and additional material will be required • It is best to process at your normal polymer processing temperatures - For best performance, stock temperature should be at least 400°F - If 400°F is achieved during the purging process, no additional activation will occur during the reprocessing of regrind - All parts produced during the “Running Purge Cycle” should be captured as regrind, resulting in a scrap-free color change - If using sequential gates, open and close all gates at the same time while purging the tool - If contamination appears to be coming from one gate, open and close first, and for an extended period of time, to force more material through this location - When cleaning in this manner, pay close attention to shot size - Parts containing the previous or new color plus any Cesa Clean can be used as regrind INTRODUCING CESA CLEAN TO YOUR PROCESS Hand Blend • Hand weigh enough of the Cesa Clean and natural resin mix to equate to 3–5 times the barrel capacity • Use rate should be 3.0% or 33:1 for routine cleaning • For difficult-to-clean tooling, or tooling which is not routinely cleaned, start at 4.0% or 25:1 • Note: Do not attempt to vacuum load more than 15 feet from source as stratification/separation may occur Volumetric Feeder • Calibrate feeder to dispense 3.0% or 33:1 for routine cleaning • For difficult-to-clean tooling, or tooling which is not routinely cleaned, start at 4.0% or 25:1 • This style of feeder is highly recommended for at-the-throat metering of Cesa Clean Blending Units Most blenders have an extra bin for an additive • Fill the additive bin with Cesa Clean • Set blender to introduce the Cesa Clean at 2.0 to 4.0% • Note: Do not air convey any further than 15 feet as Cesa Clean has a high density and may separate from the mix.

MOLD DESIGN RECOMMENDATIONS Gates • Many different types of gates can be used such as pin, fan, tunnel, tab and edge gates. Gate type should be selected based on location and part geometry Gate diameters equivalent to 50%–75% of the average wall thickness are recommended

Mold Design Recommendations Gates 1. Many different types of gates can be used such as pin, fan, tunnel, tab and edge gates. Avoid placing gates in thin regions of the part.

All types of gates can be used such as pin, fan, tunnel, tab and edge gates. Enlarge gates and/or runners 5. Increase gate size 2.

Additional draft may be required for grained/textured surfaces Gates • All types of gates can be used such as pin, fan, tunnel, tab and edge gates. Gate type should be selected based on location and part geometry Gate diameters should be equivalent to 50–80% of the average wall thickness • A land length of 0.040" (1.0 mm) is recommended • Valve gates can be a source of extreme shear for halogen-based systems.

Gates 

Flow Lines: near gate points, compromise appearance and aesthetics